As young as 3 years old, children rely on a mutual intentionality framework to confer group membership--that is, agreement between a joiner ("I want to be in your group") and group ("We want you to be in our group"). Here, we tested whether children apply this cognitive framework in the context of identity-based groups,…

Objectives: There is a need to examine the utility of objective measures of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children. Objective measures of ADHD symptoms, such as physical activity, may provide a more nuanced assessment of behavior that can be used to augment traditional cross-informant ratings of ADHD symptoms by…

Introduction: Persistence in treatment is important in balancing diabetes and preventing complications. ADHD impairs quality of life and functioning in many areas of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible association of ADHD and diabetes glycemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: All data were…

The patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is widely utilized in assessing individuals' depression levels. Nevertheless, research regarding its factor structure and measurement invariance remains inadequate. The aim of this study was to delve into the factor structure of the PHQ-9 and to further investigate its measurement invariance across gender…

Background/purpose: Learner autonomy has been a burgeoning interest among language researchers and practitioners. Given extensive research into the construct, it remains necessary to explore it from a wider context. This study thus aims to investigate the perceptions of autonomy in English language learning among English major students at a…

Learning a language is one typical and common cognitive phenomenon among human beings. What matters even most, is the additional language learning and advantages it may confer; an issue which cannot be simply overlooked in cognitive studies. The developmental effect of learning an additional language on memory is something that is confirmed in…

Deception is a multi-faceted social behaviour that is pervasive in human communication. Due to differences in social communication and experiences, autistic and non-autistic adults may contrast in how they respond to situations that elicit deceptive decision-making. This study examined whether autistic and non-autistic adults differed in their…

Chimpanzees and other great apes seem to be much less cooperative than humans overall, yet they nevertheless reliably help others in many instrumental circumstances. Although in many contexts the helping behavior of chimpanzees is quite similar to that of human children, recent studies using both behavioral and psychophysiological paradigms have…

This research investigates the influence of culture on sketching by comparing UK and Chinese designers. We employed a novel dual-method approach: machine learning algorithms analyzed a dataset of 2,090 digitized sketches from student designers, while protocol analysis based on shape transformation rules examined the sketching processes of…

The technological training of Early Childhood Education students is essential for the development of their Digital Teaching Competences (DTC), and are crucial for their future work as teachers. The aim of the present study is to assess the level of digital competence of students and to analyze the differences between two universities that provide…

This study investigates and contrasts the final year (capstone) engineering projects at three public universities in Southern Africa: Cape Peninsula University of Technology (CPUT), Malawi University of Science and Technology (MUST), and Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST). The research examines their practices, structures,…

This study makes use of a data set detailing instances of public school superintendent turnover in the commonwealth of Kentucky between 2014 and 2023. A quantitative research design was used to analyze descriptive statistics and salary changes based on a set of demographic and descriptive variables in the sample of 205 superintendent turnovers…

Gratitude has been regarded as a moral virtue in most cultures. This study examines how cultural differences may influence children's expression and understanding of gratitude. Two vignettes involving a high- and low-cost situation of expressing gratitude were presented to Japanese preschool-aged children, and their responses to the scenarios were…

Despite the growing interest in emotions in engineering education, empirical research on incorporating them into engineering ethics education is limited. Therefore, we designed this experimental study to assess how different methods for integrating compassion into engineering ethics cases influenced the intensity of compassion associated with the…

Objectives: Explore associations between eating disorders (EDs) and sleep duration and the impact of depression symptoms (DSs) in American college students. Participants: College students from 2018 to 2019 Healthy Minds Study. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression evaluated associations between EDs (bulimia, anorexia, binge eating [BED]) and…