In Computer Science (CS) education, understanding factors contributing to students' programming difficulties is crucial for effective learning support. By identifying specific issues students face, educators can provide targeted assistance to help them overcome obstacles and improve learning outcomes. While identifying sources of struggle, such as…

In the boxplot, the box always represents -- regardless of its area -- the middle half of the data and thus a measure of variability (interquartile range). However, when students first learn about boxplots, they are usual already familiar with other forms of statistical representations (e.g., bar or circle graphs) in which a larger area represents…

Code quality is a critical aspect of programming, as high-quality code is easier to maintain, and code maintenance constitutes the majority of software costs. Consequently, code quality should be emphasized in programming education. While previous research has identified numerous code quality defects commonly made by students, the current state…

False alarming, or detecting an error when there is not one, is a pervasive problem across numerous industries. The present study investigated the role of elaboration, or additional information about non-error differences in complex visual displays, for mitigating false error responding. In Experiment 1, learners studied errors and non-error…

Motor performance has been shown to be superior when focusing on a physically farther environmental cue (external focus-far, EF-far) instead of a cue proximal to the body (EF-near). However, little is known about whether these foci affect bimanual tasks. Further, the effect of visual information on attentional focus is unclear. In the present…

This study explores the written corrective feedback provided by two university teachers in the academic texts written by their students. Specifically, it focuses on the relationship established between the linguistic and discursive errors identified by the teachers, the forms of feedback provided (direct, indirect, metalinguistic and…

The most common challenges students face in solving first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can be overcome by identifying the types of errors, understanding the factors that cause difficulties, and finding appropriate solutions. Therefore, this research aimed to adopt a descriptive qualitative approach, including nine sixth-semester…

The challenge posed by algebra story problems creates a significant hurdle for many students, transcending both the mathematical content of the problem and the specific instructional background received. This study offers a distinctive contribution to the existing literature by focusing on the cognitive conditions essential for comprehension in…

Previous research has variably indicated the role of working memory in error detection by which working memory played a role in rhythmic error detection but not melodic error detection. Here, we devised a longer melodic error detection task for college musicians in an auditory, rather than visual, condition using classical excerpts, which we…

This study investigated the use of virtual chatbots in a 3D multi-user virtual environment (3D MUVE) to enhance the communication skills of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) learners. Several virtual chat agents, developed using pattern matching techniques and embedded in Second Life, created a blended learning environment in which CFL learners…

Assignments and tests are the main forms of evaluation in the educational process, students usually lose interest in boring exercises during course learning. In spired of elements from human-computer battle game, a course test system is designed to encourage students to take tests more frequently and actively to achieve better learning effect,…

This empirical study examined error performance in Hausa vowel production by Yoru`ba´ speakers, using a quantitative approach. The aim was to compare two groups in the final-year National Certificate in Education in producing Hausa shared and unshared vowels, and to assess gender and institutional differences across five colleges (ABK, ACE, IKR,…

Writing paragraphs is an important part of academic writing courses required at the university level, as mastering paragraph writing is considered a fundamental step toward producing advanced formal and academic papers in the future. To become proficient in this skill, students, especially non-native English speakers, must make a special effort.…

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has marked a significant change in education. The appearance of these LLMs and their associated chatbots has yielded several advantages for both students and educators, including their use as teaching assistants for content creation or summarisation. This paper aims to evaluate the capacity of LLMs…

This study aimed to reveal the differences in individuals' abilities, their standard errors, and the psychometric properties of the test according to the two methods of applying the test (electronic and paper). The descriptive approach was used to achieve the study's objectives. The study sample consisted of 74 male and female students at the…