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Direct linkRobin E. Harvey; Patricia J. Brooks – Foreign Language Annals, 2025
This study aimed to further understanding of immersion language development by examining in-class freewriting, classroom-assessed reading, and year-end STAMP 4Se proficiency levels in 4th-grade Chinese immersion over an academic year. Specifically, we aimed to understand (1) how learners express themselves in freewriting, (2) growth in freewriting…
Descriptors: Chinese, Immersion Programs, Grade 4, Elementary School Students
Venus Chan – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2025
Background: Technology advancement changes not only interpreting practices but also its pedagogy, which has long been criticised for lacking authenticity in/out-of-classroom practices. Objective: This empirical research aims to develop a mobile-assisted language learning application powered by extended reality (XR). Shortened as 'XR MALL', this…
Descriptors: Computer Simulation, Computer Assisted Instruction, Second Language Learning, Translation
Robin E. Harvey; Patricia J. Brooks – Language Teaching Research, 2025
Children learning Chinese must cope with an opaque orthography lacking transparent relations between oral pronunciations and written characters: a challenge heightened for L2 learners. Use of digital Pinyin input may facilitate connections between oral and written language by allowing learners to access vocabulary they cannot yet write. We…
Descriptors: Written Language, Chinese, Language Arts, Grade 4
