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Andrew Shtulman – Science & Education, 2025
In nature, competition within and between species is the norm, yet nature is also reputed to be a "peaceable kingdom" where animals cooperate rather than compete. This study explored how such contrasting views of nature influence students' biological reasoning. College undergraduates (n = 165) assessed the prevalence of cooperative…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Student Attitudes, Competition, Cooperation