This study provides an overview of the level of students' cognitive load in learning English in vocational schools. A quantitative descriptive study uses a cross-sectional survey conducted to measure the level of cognitive load of students in learning English in vocational schools. The subjects are 69 respondents who are students from one of the…

The main aim of this paper is to have an innovative model for helping students to design an e-portfolio assessment subject. This study developed an e-portfolio measurement instrument model, at the individual level of analysis, using responses from 40 e-portfolio student users from the fourth-semester students of Muhammadiyah University, were…

Self-directed language learning is considered as one of the most important aspect of learning process leading to individual's success in learning and working life. The systematic review study aims to explore the determinants associated with self-directed language learning of Thai EFL context, which have been carried out for a past decade between…

This study investigates how PBL enhances students' critical thinking abilities as they compose narrative texts based on indigenous narratives in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. The research conducted among 35 ninth-grade students (divided into seven groups) in a public junior high school in Bandung, Indonesia, using qualitative…

This study aims to investigate how pedagogical translanguaging in language education constructs a translanguaging space to mediate and reduce extraneous cognitive load in EFL classrooms. Using a descriptive qualitative design, classroom observations and video-stimulated recall interviews were conducted with Indonesian university students. Data…

Gender disparities in literacy and numeracy continue to challenge equitable education, especially in linguistically diverse and indigenous communities. In East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, the integration of mother tongue-based instructional models offers a promising approach to address these inequities. While the benefits of mother tongue education…

This study examines the evolution of blended learning (BL) research in higher education, focusing on its impact on English language proficiency (ELP) and alignment with Sustainable Development Goals. Using 200 Scopus-indexed articles published from 2020 to 2025, we applied Publish or Perish and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Results show a…

Out-of-class learning is an additional vital component in successful English language acquisition among proficient ESL users. Thus, this study employed a quantitative research approach to investigate out-of-class English language practice by Malaysian ESL post-secondary students. 106 first-semester Diploma in Tourism Management students at a…

This study investigated the impact of the Murdoch Integrated Approach (MIA) on improving English reading comprehension and analytical thinking among Thai Grade 5 students, in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 4 on quality education. A one-group pretest-posttest design was implemented using eight structured learning plans over one…

Many elementary school students do not enjoy learning English due to ineffective instructional approaches that limit independent learning. While digital technology offers potential solutions, its educational use faces challenges such as misinformation and students' low digital resilience. This study investigates the current levels of digital…

Legal language is characterized by its specialized lexicology, often formed through derivational processes such as affixation, nominalization, and semantic derivation, making legal texts more challenging to understand. This research examined how university students majoring in legal English linguistics recognize, interpret, and manage the…

The integration of technology in education has revolutionized the way students learn, offering unprecedented opportunities for fostering self-directed learning (SDL). This study explores the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) that blends technological tools with local wisdom-based educational practices to enhance self-directed…

This study aimed to improve teacher education by integrating project-based learning (PBL) into English language instruction. A motivational-cognitive-reflective model was developed and implemented using a mixed-methods approach. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and observations involving preservice English teachers and faculty. The…