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Danielle Harris; Ilyse Resnick; Tracy Logan; Tom Lowrie – Developmental Science, 2025
There are contentious and persistent gender differences reported in some measures of spatial skills, particularly mental rotation and, to a lesser extent, perspective-taking, which may have an impact on mathematics success. Furthermore, pathways between spatial skills and mathematics may be mediated by other cognitive factors, such as fluid…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Mathematics Education, Mathematics Achievement, Sex Role
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Brenda C. Straka; Adam Stanaland; Sarah E. Gaither – Developmental Science, 2025
As young as 3 years old, children rely on a mutual intentionality framework to confer group membership--that is, agreement between a joiner ("I want to be in your group") and group ("We want you to be in our group"). Here, we tested whether children apply this cognitive framework in the context of identity-based groups,…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Group Membership, Gender Differences, Race
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Ashley E. Hinten; Damian Scarf; Kana Imuta – Developmental Science, 2025
There are long-held concerns regarding the impact of screen media on children's cognitive development. In particular, fast pace and fantastical events have been theorized to deplete children's cognitive resources, leading to reductions in their attention and executive functions (EF). To date, however, empirical tests of short-term effects of media…
Descriptors: Computer Use, Mass Media Effects, Child Development, Cognitive Development
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Ann Folker; Christina Bertrand; Yelim Hong; Laurence Steinberg; Natasha Duell; Lei Chang; Laura Di Giunta; Kenneth A. Dodge; Sevtap Gurdal; Daranee Junla; Jennifer E. Lansford; Paul Oburu; Concetta Pastorelli; Ann T. Skinner; Emma Sorbring; Marc H. Bornstein; Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado; Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong; Liane Peña Alampay; Suha M. Al-Hassan; Dario Bacchini; Kirby Deater-Deckard – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive functioning (EF) is an important developing self-regulatory process that has implications for academic, social, and emotional outcomes. Most work in EF has focused on childhood, and less has examined the development of EF throughout adolescence and into emerging adulthood. The present study assessed longitudinal trajectories of EF from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Adolescents, Young Adults, Age Differences
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Cristina-Ioana Galusca; Anna Eve Helmlinger; Elodie Barat; Olivier Pascalis; Jean-Baptiste Van der Henst – Developmental Science, 2025
Children's social preferences are influenced by the relative status of other individuals, but also by their social identity and the degree to which those individuals are like them. Previous studies have investigated these aspects separately and showed that in some circumstances children prefer high-status individuals and own-gender individuals.…
Descriptors: Preferences, Success, Gender Differences, Gender Bias
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Katherine A. Grisanzio; Patrick Mair; Leah H. Somerville – Developmental Science, 2025
While day-to-day negative affect normatively rises across adolescence, emotional experiences also stratify, or diverge, across individuals. Moreover, negative affect is not a unitary construct but comprises distinct feeling states (e.g., sadness, anger, anxiety), each characterized by distinct age-related trends. Yet, most developmental research…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Adolescents, Children, Psychological Patterns
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Mikko J. Peltola; Szilvia Biro; Rens Huffmeijer; Hanneli Sinisalo; Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg; Marinus H. van IJzendoorn – Developmental Science, 2025
Recent studies have indicated that patterns of infant-caregiver attachment are associated with differences in infants' processing of social signals of emotion, such as facial expressions. In the current longitudinal study we extended this line of research to social signals of actual attachment figures by investigating whether 7-month-old infants'…
Descriptors: Infants, Attachment Behavior, Parent Child Relationship, Mothers
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Anjie Cao; Molly Lewis; Sho Tsuji; Christina Bergmann; Alejandrina Cristia; Michael C. Frank – Developmental Science, 2025
Developmental psychology focuses on how psychological constructs change with age. In cognitive development research, however, the specifics of this emergence is often underspecified. Researchers often provisionally assume linear growth by including chronological age as a predictor in regression models. In this work, we aim to evaluate this…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Infant Behavior, Age Differences, Developmental Stages
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Christopher Riddell; Milica Nikolic; Mariska E. Kret – Developmental Science, 2025
We care about others' opinions of us and regulate our emotions to make positive impressions. This form of impression management may change during ontogeny as children become increasingly sensitive to others. To examine whether self-conscious emotions are influenced by audience presence across the lifespan, we induced embarrassment and pride in n =…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Young Children, Adults, Emotional Development
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Marshall M. C. Hui; Karson T. F. Kung – Developmental Science, 2025
Gender nonconforming (GN) children are at higher risk of experiencing bullying and social exclusion than are gender conforming (GC) children. Nonetheless, very little is known about the socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying children's bias against GN peers. The present study was the first to examine children's dehumanization of GN peers…
Descriptors: Gender Identity, Bullying, Humanization, Peer Relationship
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Akzira Abuova; Laura Tietz; Sebastian Grueneisen – Developmental Science, 2025
Collaboration, the process by which individuals work together toward mutual benefits, is a core feature of human sociality. Capacities for collaboration emerge early in development and represent an important social competence. Yet, collaborative commitments can conflict with commitments to societal norms such as honesty and rule compliance, and…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Child Behavior, Cheating, Games
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Katherine Trice; Dionysia Saratsli; Anna Papafragou; Zhenghan Qi – Developmental Science, 2025
Children can acquire novel word meanings by using pragmatic cues. However, previous literature has frequently focused on in-the-moment word-to-meaning mappings, not delayed retention of novel vocabulary. Here, we examine how children use pragmatics as they learn and retain novel words. Thirty-three younger children (mean age: 5.0, range: 4.0-6.0,…
Descriptors: Children, Young Children, Language Acquisition, Semantics
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Bethany Lassetter; Natalie Hutchins; Vivian Liu; Natalie Toomajian; Sarah T. Lubienski; Andrei Cimpian – Developmental Science, 2025
Our culture attributes women's and girls' ability in mathematics and related domains to their efforts more so than men's and boys'--a stereotype that contributes to inequities in scientific and technical careers. Here, we provide the first investigation of this gender stereotype in children, examining its endorsement across a broad age range and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Sex Stereotypes, Mathematics Achievement, Reading Achievement
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Joseph Colantonio; Ilona Bass; Yee Lee Shing; Sobanawartiny Wijeakumar; Courtney McKay; Eva Rafetseder; Allyson P. Mackey; Elizabeth Bonawitz – Developmental Science, 2025
Although exploratory play is considered a hallmark of cognitive development and learning, relatively few studies have been able to quantitatively characterize the shifts that may occur in children's approach to exploration. One reason for this gap is due to challenges coding and analyzing children's exploratory play behavior. In our paper, we…
Descriptors: Computation, Cognitive Development, Children, Discovery Learning
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Heather Johnson; Erika Hoff – Developmental Science, 2025
A basic question about bilingual development is how the acquisition of one language affects the acquisition of the other. Previous findings are few and mixed. The present study addressed this question with longitudinal data on the dual-language vocabulary growth of 149 US-born children from Spanish-speaking immigrant families, who were followed…
Descriptors: Language Acquisition, Vocabulary Development, Bilingualism, Emergent Literacy