Abundant research has indicated fluency features as meaningful predictors of second language proficiency. However, the extent to which different fluency dimensions and features can predict proficiency remains underexplored. This meta-analysis employed a multilevel modeling approach to synthesize fluency-proficiency relationships from 71 empirical…

This study aims to determine the academic scope, growth dynamics, co-authorship networks, and most frequently used keywords in studies on foreign language anxiety (FLA) within the context of foreign language studies, as indexed in the WoS database. The literature review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, and 595 studies published in WoS…

This study uncovers the development and structure of the research on English as a second or foreign language in post-Soviet countries. In total, 500 publications from the Web of Science database were analyzed. The findings revealed that the authors involved tend to cross borders in co-authorship publications. There is a small exchange of…

The fluency task, which involves lexical retrieval from a categorical or thematic prompt, has been a crucial paradigm in studies about lexicon in bilingualism and additional languages. Particularly, there has been a very productive cognitive turn towards analytical models based on the exploration of the cognitive processes underlying the mental…

This study evaluated the effect of electronic books (e-books) on improving language learning outcomes, particularly in core proficiencies such as speaking, writing, and listening, which are identified as key areas of improvement. Using a meta-analysis approach, this research employed a randomized model with experimental and control groups. Data…

Research on extensive reading (ER) has quite consistently highlighted its impact on second/foreign language learning. However, it remains unclear what the exact components of ER are that make it profitable. In practice, there appears to be variation in the application of key elements of ER, and programs vary in the kinds of additions they make to…

Eye tracking has taken hold in second language acquisition (SLA) and bilingualism as a valuable technique for researching cognitive processes, yet a comprehensive picture of reporting practices is still lacking. Our systematic review addressed this gap. We synthesized 145 empirical eye-tracking studies, coding for 58 reporting features and…

Immigrant families bring myriad strengths through their home literacy practices, which contribute to their children's biliteracy growth. This systematic review critically analysed 28 recent studies on the relationship between home literacy practices and biliteracy development of immigrant bilingual children. Against a backdrop of host societies…

The present study aimed to explore the major patterns in the available scholarship on peer feedback in the writing classroom. In doing so, a bibliometric approach was utilised, where a nearly exhaustive search was conducted on the SCOPUS-indexed documents on peer feedback. After compiling a database, the scholarship on peer feedback was divided…

Background: Vocabulary learning is an essential dimension of foreign language learning. The learners have a huge responsibility in this task. Among other factors, time constraints and an overall lack of maintained motivation on the part of students makes it especially challenging. Consequently, improving vocabulary learning requires strategies to…

Second language (L2) viewing with captions (i.e., L2 on-screen text) is now a proliferating as well as promising area of L2 acquisition research. The goal of the present meta-analysis was to examine (a) the relationship between captioned viewing and incidental vocabulary learning and (b) what variables related to learners, treatment, methodology,…

This book synthesises research on very early language learning in pre-primary organised instruction settings such as kindergarten, nursery or afternoon classes. Using a framework of ecological development, it investigates the nested systems in which very young learners operate, the other agents involved in each of these systems and the influence…

Purpose: The integration of mobile technology in ESL/EFL contexts has garnered significant attention from contemporary researchers, teachers, and learners due to the advancements in technology, dynamic features, and multimodal applications. With this growing interest, there is a need to synthesize the existing literature and identify current…

The aim of this study is to analyze the emerging trends in related research in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) from 2020 to 2024 using a systematic literature review (SLR). In higher education, the concept of EAP has expanded due to globalization and internationalization, providing essential language skills to enhance students' learning…

Virtual Reality (VR) has been utilized in foreign language education for over 50 years, and it has gone through four distinct stages in foreign language education: Two-dimensional (2D) text-based VR, three-dimensional (3D) desktop-based VR, 3D HMD-based VR, and AI-enhanced 3D HMD-based VR. Drawing on relevant studies and examples, this article…