Background/purpose: This research aimed at designing an educational program based on gamification for teaching mathematics as required by the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) to determine its impact on advancing strategic competence among fourth-grade male students in the first semester of Academic Year 1445AH in…

This study examined the effect of gamification on visual programming and computational thinking skills among primary school students, aiming to investigate how gamified learning environments enhance cognitive skill development and conceptual integration compared to traditional teaching methods. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving…