ERIC Number: EJ1470957
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025
Pages: 18
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-2096-5311
EISSN: EISSN-2632-1742
Available Date: 0000-00-00
Optimal Dosage and Session Structure of Mindfulness-Based Programming for Youth across Developmental Periods: Delphi Approach Outcomes
Joshua C. Felver1; Emily C. Helminen2; Mary Katherine A. Schutt3; Emily L. Cary4; Deborah L. Schussler5; Rebecca N. Baelen6; Laura F. Gould7; Robert W. Roeser8
ECNU Review of Education, v8 n1 p254-271 2025
Purpose: Research of mindfulness-based programming/interventions (MBP) for youth has proliferated in recent years; however, heterogeneity of MBP for youth impede determination of optimal programmatic structure across developmental periods. Design/Approach/Methods: Expert MBP scientists and instructors were iteratively surveyed using the Delphi method to assess optimal MBP session structure across developmental periods. Findings: Survey Round 1 defined the participants' perspective of ideal structure across early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence. In Survey Rounds 2 and 3, participants considered the preceding Round's results (means and SDs) and indicated what they believed was the ideal structure of a single MBP class. Final results following the Round 3 survey indicated that MBP session period should be progressively longer relative to the developmental time period (early childhood mean =20.0 min; middle childhood mean =34.5 min; adolescence mean =50.0 min); that roughly half of a youth MBP session should be dedicated to mindfulness practice; and that progressively more time should be allocated to didactic instruction and discussion, relative to mindfulness practice, as youth become older. Originality/Value: These findings are the first to report expert feedback on the ideal structure of a youth MBP session, and results have significant implications for future youth MBP evaluation, implementation, and curriculum development.
Descriptors: Metacognition, Delphi Technique, Developmental Stages, Intervention, Scientists, Science Teachers, Time Factors (Learning), Age Differences, Feedback (Response), Young Children, Children, Adolescents, Curriculum Development
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: 1Cornell University; 2Brown University; 3The Flourishing Center, Inc.; 4The Ohio State University; 5University at Albany; 6University of Illinois Chicago; 7Allighten, LLC; 8The Pennsylvania State University