The quantitative nonexperimental correlational study examines principals' attitudes towards intelligence and inclusion and the academic growth of students with disabilities. Additionally, the study comparatively examined principals' attitudes toward intelligence and inclusion across 11 demographic factors. The Theories of Intelligence Scale --…

Educators and researchers strive to build policies and practices on data and evidence, especially on academic achievement scores. When assessment scores are inaccurate for specific student populations or when scores are inappropriately used, even data-driven decisions will be misinformed. To maximize the impact of the research-practice-policy…