Loop-based intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) support the learning process using a step-by-step problem-solving approach. A limitation of ITSs is that few contents are compatible with this approach. On the other hand, recommendation systems can recommend different types of content but ignore the fine-grained concepts typical of the step-by-step…

Background/purpose: With advancements in technology, particularly in Artificial Intelligence (AI), personalized and adaptive systems are increasingly being integrated into conventional educational environments. These technologies create opportunities to place learners at the center of the educational experience through personalized learning.…