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Jordan S. Berne; Brian A. Jacob; Tareena Musaddiq; Anna Shapiro; Christina Weiland – National Bureau of Economic Research, 2024
Transitional Kindergarten (TK) is a relatively recent entrant into the U.S. early education landscape, combining features of public pre-K and regular kindergarten. We provide the first estimates of the impact of Michigan's TK program on 3rd grade test scores. Using an augmented regression discontinuity design, we find that TK improves 3rd grade…
Descriptors: Transitional Programs, Kindergarten, Program Effectiveness, Grade 3
Jennifer Moore Vice-Reshel – ProQuest LLC, 2024
The purpose of this study was to investigate Spanish-speaking multilingual learner (MLL) students' long-term academic outcomes after participation in an early childhood education (ECE) program with English instruction. The study included 359 Spanish-speaking MLLs who qualified for Free and Reduced Lunch from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Participants…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Grade 2
Ada Daniels; Emmelia Wargacki – Washington Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2025
The Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) is required by RCW 28A.300.830 to report every three years on funding, services, and educational outcomes for students served under Washington's ESSA Consolidated Plan (the Plan), Title I, Part D. This report covers schools and programs receiving Title I, Part D grants, including…
Descriptors: Educational Legislation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Legislation, Prevention