We explored the practicality of relatively small item pools in the context of low-stakes Computer-Adaptive Testing (CAT), such as CAT procedures that might be used for quick diagnostic or screening exams. We used a basic CAT algorithm without content balancing and exposure control restrictions to reflect low stakes testing scenarios. We examined…

In automated essay scoring (AES) systems, similarity techniques are used to compute the score for student answers. Several methods to compute similarity have emerged over the years. However, only a few of them have been widely used in the AES domain. This work shows the findings of a ten-year review on similarity techniques applied in AES systems…

Computer adaptive testing (CAT) is an increasingly common mode of test administration offering improved test security, better measurement precision, and the potential for shorter testing experiences. This article presents a new item selection algorithm based on a generalized objective function to support multiple types of testing conditions and…

Assessing the difficulty of reading comprehension questions is crucial to educational methodologies and language understanding technologies. Traditional methods of assessing question difficulty rely frequently on human judgments or shallow metrics, often failing to accurately capture the intricate cognitive demands of answering a question. This…

Psychometricians have devoted much research and attention to categorical item responses, leading to the development and widespread use of item response theory for the estimation of model parameters and identification of items that do not perform in the same way for examinees from different population subgroups (e.g., differential item functioning…

Automatic short answer grading (ASAG) is a challenging task that aims to predict a score for a given student response. Previous works on ASAG mainly use nonneural or neural methods. However, the former depends on handcrafted features and is limited by its inflexibility and high cost, and the latter ignores global word cooccurrence in a corpus and…

The purpose of this study was to compare calibration and linking methods for placing pretest item parameter estimates on the item pool scale in a 1-3 computerized multistage adaptive testing design in terms of item parameter recovery. Two models were used: embedded-section, in which pretest items were administered within a separate module, and…

Online calibration is a key technology for item calibration in computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and has been widely used in various forms of CAT, including unidimensional CAT, multidimensional CAT (MCAT), CAT with polytomously scored items, and cognitive diagnostic CAT. However, as multidimensional and polytomous assessment data become more…

To improve the calibration accuracy and calibration efficiency of cognitive diagnostic computerized adaptive testing (CD-CAT) for new items and, ultimately, contribute to the widespread application of CD-CAT in practice, the current article proposed a Gini-based online calibration method that can simultaneously calibrate the Q-matrix and item…

E-assessments are becoming increasingly common and progressively more complex. Consequently, how these longer, more complex questions are designed and marked is imperative. This article uses the NUMBAS e-assessment tool to investigate the best practice for creating longer questions and their mark schemes on surveying modules taken by engineering…

This paper presents research activity on computer-based mathematics learning to study the effectiveness of open-source teaching computer platforms (Canvas) in computer-assisted instruction. We designed a set of multiple-choice online quizzes as a dynamical flow-chart of possible paths to follow while solving a difficult math problem on…

Computational Thinking (CT) skill was a part of the global framework of reference on Digital Literacy for Indicator 4.4.2, widely developed in mathematics and science learning. This study aimed to promote an assessment tool using a two-tier Computerized Adaptive Test (CAT). The study used the Design and Development Research (DDR) method with four…

Purpose: The aim of this study was to advance the analysis of written language transcripts by validating an automated scoring procedure using an automated open-access tool for calculating morphological complexity (MC) from written transcripts. Method: The MC of words in 146 written responses of students in fifth grade was assessed using two…

Currently mathematics difficulties in schools are a major problem due to several factors. Some research suggest that mathematics teaching-learning methodology could be one of the causes. As a result, alternative teaching methods to the traditional approach (ciphers-based closed algorithm [CBC]) have emerged, such as numbers-based open algorithm…

Computational Thinking (CT), entailing both domain-general and domain-specific skills, is a competency fundamental to computing education and beyond. However, as a cross-domain competency, appropriate assessment design and method remain equivocal. Indeed, the majority of the existing assessments have a predominant focus on measuring programming…