Computer-supported collaborative concept mapping (CSCCM) integrates technology and concept mapping to support students' knowledge understanding, and much research on the behavioral patterns involved in CSCCM activities has been conducted. However, there is limited understanding of the differences in knowledge understanding and behavioral patterns…

Background: While both Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) are widely recognised as effective methods to enhance bilingual education, their combination often leads to cognitive overload and fragmented learning experiences. In Taiwan's bilingual education context, where integrating English into…

Laboratory courses can help students learn in a meaningful way. In the past, students encountered difficulties in chemistry laboratory courses due to limited access to equipment and space for practicing experimental operations. In recent years, virtual laboratories have allowed students to repeatedly practice in order to achieve their experimental…