This study uses self-determination theory to examine the effect of gamification on the students' behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement in online discussion forums by providing more instructor badges than automatic badges and using a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. Behavioral engagement was measured using the number…

In English for Specific Purposes (ESP) education, the synergy between autonomous learning, gamified Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) platforms, and self-directed learning (SDL) frameworks is underexplored. Despite recognizing autonomous learning's significance in language education, there is a lack of in-depth analysis of their interaction within…

Digital game-based learning (DGBL) has shown to be an effective approach to gamifying the learning experience in any course and learning environment. To make learning more active and engaging for students, college faculty can use educational technologies such as game-based student response systems (SRSs) and interactive PowerPoint games as a…