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Esther Janse; Chen Shen; Esther de Kerf – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Purpose: In a previous publication, we observed that maximum speech performance in a nonclinical sample of young adult speakers producing "alternating" diadochokinesis (DDK) sequences (e.g., rapidly repeating "pataka") was associated with cognitive control: Those with better cognitive switching abilities (i.e., switching…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Speech Impairments, Psychomotor Skills, Cognitive Ability
Jianqiang Ye; Junhua Gao; Tingting Lin; Kun He; Dimei Chen – Journal of Baltic Science Education, 2025
This study explored the impact of oxidation-reduction reaction problem difficulty on university students' cognitive load using event-related potentials (ERPs). Forty-eight balanced low and high difficulty problems were designed. Fifteen undergraduate students majoring in chemistry (8 females and 7 males) participated in the study. Results…
Descriptors: Science Instruction, Undergraduate Students, Chemistry, Difficulty Level
Tiffany Wu; Christina Weiland; Meghan McCormick; JoAnn Hsueh; Catherine Snow; Jason Sachs – Grantee Submission, 2024
The Hearts and Flowers (H&F) task is a computerized executive functioning (EF) assessment that has been used to measure EF from early childhood to adulthood. It provides data on accuracy and reaction time (RT) across three different task blocks (hearts, flowers, and mixed). However, there is a lack of consensus in the field on how to score the…
Descriptors: Scoring, Executive Function, Kindergarten, Young Children
Sader, Alice; Walg, Marco; Ferdinand, Nicola K. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
Children with ADHD show deficits in executive functioning, especially the ability to inhibit inadequate responses, and deficits in motivational processes due to dopaminergic dysfunctions. There is evidence that rewards can foster inhibition in children with ADHD. However, most studies examined a wide age range of children above 7 years of age, so…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Executive Function, Inhibition, Motivation
Bryant, Lauren J.; Cuevas, Kimberly – Child Development, 2022
The effects of rewards on executive function (EF) reflect bidirectional interactions among motivational and executive systems that vary with age and temperament. However, methodological limitations hinder understanding of the precise influences of incentives on early EF, including the role of reward sensitivity. In this within-subjects study,…
Descriptors: Rewards, Executive Function, Reaction Time, Interference (Learning)
De Rom, Margot; Szmalec, Arnaud; Van Reybroeck, Marie – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Individual differences in reading performance between children appear from the onset of literacy acquisition. One possible explanation for this variability is the influence of inhibition in reading ability, a topic that has received very little research attention. Nevertheless, children often make guessing errors characterized by replacing a word…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Reading Processes, Word Recognition, Sentences
Wilkey, Eric D.; Shanley, Lina; Sabb, Fred; Ansari, Daniel; Cohen, Jason C.; Men, Virany; Heller, Nicole A.; Clarke, Ben – Developmental Science, 2022
Children's ability to discriminate nonsymbolic number (e.g., the number of items in a set) is a commonly studied predictor of later math skills. Number discrimination improves throughout development, but what drives this improvement is unclear. Competing theories suggest that it may be due to a sharpening numerical representation or an improved…
Descriptors: Numbers, Mathematics Skills, Predictor Variables, Number Concepts
Christina Hubertina Helena Maria Heemskerk; Claudia M. Roebers – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Young children tend to rely on reactive cognitive control (e.g. strongly slow down after an error), even when task accuracy would benefit from proactive cognitive control (taking a slower task approach up front). We investigated if giving young primary school children opportunities to repeatedly experience tasks where success rates depend on…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Reaction Time, Accuracy, Feedback (Response)
Christine S. Schipke; Maja Stegenwallner-Schütz; Flavia Adani – Language Learning and Development, 2024
This study investigates the interpretation of object-initial sentences in German-speaking children. We addressed the following questions: (1) Which morphosyntactic cues do children deploy to process object-initial sentences? (2) Which executive function (EF) abilities support them during this task? This study examined the effect of case and number…
Descriptors: German, Reading Processes, Sentence Structure, Executive Function
Atkinson, Susan J.; Martin, Colin R. – British Educational Research Journal, 2022
Research suggests a role for aspects of the working memory system in reading. While much of the evidence points to a role for working memory capacity and the phonological loop, more recent work indicates a role for the central executive component, although findings remain unclear. There is an identified need for a reliable screening measure for…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Reading Difficulties, Screening Tests, Preschool Children
Justyna Kotowicz; Bencie Woll; Gary Morgan – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2024
Bimodal bilingualism involves the use of a sign language and a spoken language, and offers a unique opportunity to explore the cognitive effects of growing up bilingual. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between bimodal bilingualism and executive function (EF) in hearing children who are native users of a sign language. We…
Descriptors: Student Characteristics, Sign Language, Native Language, Hearing (Physiology)
Musso, Mariel F.; Cómbita, Lina M.; Cascallar, Eduardo C.; Rueda, M. Rosario – Mind, Brain, and Education, 2022
The objective of this research was to develop robust predictive models of the gains in working memory (WM) and fluid intelligence (Gf) following executive attention training in children, using genetic markers, gender, and age variables. We explore the influence of genetic variables on individual differences in susceptibility to intervention.…
Descriptors: Genetics, Artificial Intelligence, Gender Differences, Age Differences
Dong Jin Kim – ProQuest LLC, 2024
Research on language learners' attention suggests that manipulating attention is beneficial in the language learning process as it facilitates the "noticing" of specific linguistic aspects. The current study investigated the effects of directing learners' attention to segments and prosody in English phonetic training. Korean learners of…
Descriptors: Intonation, Suprasegmentals, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Yang, Xiujie; Yan, Mengge; Ruan, Yijun; Ku, Serena Yuk Yee; Lo, Jason Chor Ming; Peng, Peng; McBride, Catherine – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2022
The present study presents a meta-analysis of the relations between phonological processing abilities and different mathematics subskills. Using a random-effects model with 94 studies (135 unique samples, 826 effect sizes), the present meta-analysis revealed a significant general association between phonological processing and mathematics (average…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Phonology, Language Processing, Meta Analysis
Minahan, Jessica; Ablon, J. Stuart – Phi Delta Kappan, 2022
Anxiety, one of the most common underlying causes of challenging student behavior, typically goes undiscovered and unaddressed through school-based behavior supports. Jessica Minahan and Stuart Ablon combine their expertise as a behavior analyst and a psychologist to outline how best to support students whose anxiety leads to challenging behavior.…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Student Behavior, Behavior Problems, Skill Development
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