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Chitalkina, Natalia; Puurtinen, Marjaana; Gruber, Hans; Bednarik, Roman – International Journal of Music Education, 2021
During music reading, performers create expectations of the upcoming music. When these expectations are violated due to changes in the notation, performers have to adjust their reading and adapt their motor responses to match this new information. In this study, we examine how selected background, outcome, and process measures reflect the…
Descriptors: Music Reading, Music Education, Psychomotor Skills, Singing