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Simmons, Kate D.; Darch, Craig B.; Hinton, Vanessa; Padgett, Amelia – International Journal of Special Education, 2017
The importance of writing is recognized in the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). CCSS places emphasis on both foundational skills (e.g., spelling) and writing applications such as planning, editing, and revising a variety of texts (National Governors Association Center for Best Practices & Council of Chief State School Officers, 2010).…
Descriptors: Common Core State Standards, Spelling Instruction, Urban Schools, Disabilities
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Ballock, Ellen; McQuitty, Vicki; McNary, Scot – Journal of Teacher Education, 2018
This study explored the knowledge elementary teachers need for one core practice: reading and responding to students' writing. Forty-five preservice teachers read and responded to an elementary student's narrative writing sample. Using teacher noticing as a framework, we first decomposed the practice into five components indicative of differences…
Descriptors: Elementary School Teachers, Preservice Teachers, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Reading Instruction
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Toyama, Yukie; Hiebert, Elfrieda H.; Pearson, P. David – Educational Assessment, 2017
This study investigated the complexity of leveled passages used in four classroom reading assessments. A total of 167 passages leveled for Grades 1-6 from these assessments were analyzed using four analytical tools of text complexity. More traditional, two-factor measures of text complexity found a general trend of fairly consistent across-grade…
Descriptors: Reading Materials, Reading Skills, Student Evaluation, Difficulty Level