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Kam, Chester Chun Seng – Educational and Psychological Measurement, 2023
When constructing measurement scales, regular and reversed items are often used (e.g., "I am satisfied with my job"/"I am not satisfied with my job"). Some methodologists recommend excluding reversed items because they are more difficult to understand and therefore engender a second, artificial factor distinct from the…
Descriptors: Test Items, Difficulty Level, Test Construction, Construct Validity