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Sawaki, Yasuyo – ETS Research Report Series, 2017
The purpose of the present study is to examine whether performance on the "TOEFL iBT"® Reading practice test is affected by 3 different levels of feedback provided to learners upon completion of reading exercises: (a) correctness of learner response (the knowledge of correct results [KCR] feedback), (b) KCR feedback and rationales for…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Feedback (Response)
Wei, Youhua; Low, Albert – ETS Research Report Series, 2017
In most large-scale programs of tests that aid in making high-stakes decisions, such as the "TOEIC"® family of products and service, it is not unusual for a significant portion of test takers to retake the test at multiple times.The study reported here used multilevel growth modeling to explore the score change patterns of nearly 20,000…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Scores

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