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Zaman, Jonas; Yu, Kenny; Lee, Jessica C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
In the field of stimulus generalization, an old yet unresolved discussion pertains to what extent stimulus misidentifications contribute to the pattern of conditioned responding. In this article, we perform cluster analysis on six datasets (four published datasets and two unpublished datasets, included N = 950) to examine the relationship between…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Stimuli, Identification, Cognitive Processes
Martinez-Alvarez, Anna; Benavides-Varela, Silvia; Lapillonne, Alexandre; Gervain, Judit – Developmental Science, 2023
Prosody is the fundamental organizing principle of spoken language, carrying lexical, morphosyntactic, and pragmatic information. It, therefore, provides highly relevant input for language development. Are infants sensitive to this important aspect of spoken language early on? In this study, we asked whether infants are able to discriminate…
Descriptors: Neonates, Oral Language, Language Acquisition, Suprasegmentals
Takuya Ito – ProQuest LLC, 2021
The human brain is a flexible information processing system. Across a range of simple and complex tasks, such as walking across the street to playing basketball, the brain transforms sensory information from the environment into corresponding motor actions. This sensory input to motor output transformation likely requires a sequence of complex…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Processes, Neurosciences, Perceptual Motor Learning
Don, Hilary J.; Goldwater, Micah B.; Greenaway, Justine K.; Hutchings, Rosalind; Livesey, Evan J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Failure to learn and generalize abstract relational rules has critical implications for education. In this study, we aimed to determine which training conditions facilitate relational transfer in a relatively simple (patterning) discrimination versus a relatively complex (biconditional) discrimination. The amount of training participants received…
Descriptors: Discrimination Learning, Transfer of Training, Cognitive Processes, Reflection
Bowman, Caitlin R.; Zeithamova, Dagmar – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Building conceptual knowledge that generalizes to novel situations is a key function of human memory. Category-learning paradigms have long been used to understand the mechanisms of knowledge generalization. In the present study, we tested the conditions that promote formation of new concepts. Participants underwent 1 of 6 training conditions that…
Descriptors: Concept Formation, Generalization, Discrimination Learning, Classification
Yunji Park; Alexandria A. Viegut; Percival G. Matthews – Grantee Submission, 2021
Humans perceptually extract quantity information from our environments, be it from simple stimuli in isolation, or from relational magnitudes formed by taking ratios of pairs of simple stimuli. Some have proposed that these two types of magnitude are processed by a common system, whereas others have proposed separate systems. To test these…
Descriptors: Mathematics Skills, Thinking Skills, Preschool Children, Elementary School Students
Peykarjou, Stefanie; Wissner, Julia; Pauen, Sabina – Infant and Child Development, 2017
Behavioural and recent neural evidence indicates that young infants discriminate broad stimulus categories. However, little is known about the categorical perception of humans represented as full bodies with heads and their discrimination from inanimate objects. This study compares infants' brain processing of human and furniture pictures, probing…
Descriptors: Infants, Discrimination Learning, Cognitive Processes, Repetition
Koopman, Sarah E.; Mahon, Bradford Z.; Cantlon, Jessica F. – Cognitive Science, 2017
Language and culture endow humans with access to conceptual information that far exceeds any which could be accessed by a non-human animal. Yet, it is possible that, even without language or specific experiences, non-human animals represent and infer some aspects of similarity relations between objects in the same way as humans. Here, we show that…
Descriptors: Evolution, Animals, Discrimination Learning, Inferences
Francis, Wendy S.; Strobach, E. Natalia; Penalver, Renee M.; Martínez, Michelle; Gurrola, Bianca V.; Soltero, Amaris – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Three source-memory experiments were conducted with Spanish-English bilinguals and monolingual English speakers matched on age, education, nonverbal cognitive ability and socioeconomic status. Bilingual language proficiency and dominance were assessed using standardized objective measures. In Experiment 1, source was manipulated visuo-spatially,…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Short Term Memory, Context Effect, Concept Formation