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Download full textYulong Li – Critical Education, 2022
As early as the 1990s, educationists, and even some governmental policy makers in China, advocated suzhi (quality) educational reform, aiming to develop creative individuals, and to revamp the exam-oriented and authoritarian education system. However, this suzhi educational reform was not entirely successful, with education in China becoming a…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Educational Change, Hidden Curriculum, Power Structure
Direct linkShepherd, Keegan J. – ProQuest LLC, 2017
Standardized testing is a defining feature of contemporary American society. It not only governs how people are channeled through their schooling; it amplifies existing social disparities. Nonetheless, standardized testing endures, namely because it has served as a vital tool for the post-1945 American state. The postwar state prioritized, on the…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Testing, Educational History, Government Role
Hirao, Katsura – ProQuest LLC, 2011
A self-report assessment scale of school connectedness was validated in this study based on the data from middle-school children in a northeastern state of the United States (n = 145). The scale was based on the School Bonding Model (Morita, 1991), which was derived reductively from the social control (bond) theory (Hirschi, 1969). This validation…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Peer Acceptance, African American Children, Validity
