Bayesian Knowledge Tracing (BKT) is a well-established model for formative assessment, with optimization typically using expectation maximization, conjugate gradient descent, or brute force search. However, one of the flaws of existing optimization techniques for BKT models is convergence to undesirable local minima that negatively impact…

Using data from a problem-posing project, this study analyzed the characteristics of middle school students' responses to problem-posing prompts that did not match our assumptions and expectations to better understand student thinking. The study found that the characteristics of middle school students' unexpected responses were distributed across…

In the context of physics education, it is imperative that educators prioritize the development of students' problem-solving abilities. Given the interdisciplinary nature of physics and its relevance to everyday life, students must possess robust problem-solving skills. However, conventional and uninspiring learning approaches have been shown to…

In this portfolio, I reflect on my efforts to provide professional development targeted to support teachers during the launch phase of their mathematics teaching, to elicit and respond to student ideas and experiences. I grounded my study in research on ambitious teaching practices for launching complex mathematical tasks using problem-based…

Background: In STEM education, tasks are essential for organizing and designing teaching-learning processes, as they give concrete form to curricular goals and content standards. Tasks that build on each other and initiate a learning process are particularly effective. Tasks are often specified according to their function (confrontation,…

Emergency situations are generally described as combining both threat and time pressure. Creative solutions to deal with such situations are important. The present studies (N[subscript total] = 1190) investigated how people are able to produce creative solutions in an emergency. Our first study was correlational, and assessed individual creativity…

Enhancing students' civic literacy is considered an essential educational goal in the 21st century. Therefore, in the teaching process, how to provide students with opportunities to solve problems and how to provide immediate feedback to help students make correct decisions when facing real problems are important and challenging issues. Digital…

Objective: Research indicates that coping styles mediate self-control and health outcomes. Emotion- and problem-focused coping strategies (eg, getting advice or planning) are used to address stressors. In contrast, avoidance-focused strategies (eg, substance use) are used to escape distress and are associated with greater alcohol problems. The…

Emotion regulation is a crucial aspect of individual development across the lifespan, influencing personal and social well-being. The academic environment is a key context for emotion regulation, yet its relationship with academic achievement remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between specific emotion regulation…

When researchers code behavior that is undetectable or falls outside of the validated ordinal scale, the resultant outcomes often suffer from informative missingness. Incorrect analysis of such data can lead to biased arguments around efficacy and effectiveness in the context of experimental and intervention research. Here, we detail a new…

Crediting Vygotsky in introducing perezhivanie, I argue that perezhivanie acts analogously to reflection in problem solving and much beyond that and can be used as a developmental tool for teachers. Analyzing teacher's perezhivanie, a "mentor" can better understand their practice. Teachers' perezhivanie is a psychological reaction to a…

Children's responses to new, unfamiliar social interactions should be influenced by their cognitive appraisals and physiology, though little is known about how these constructs interrelate. To investigate these links, we examined whether children's appraisals of recalled events and resting parasympathetic physiology predicted social…

The purpose of this study is to provide reliable evidence of the observable correlates of the Aha! moment and what this means for moving from surface to deep thinking. The study analyses facial expressions and body language from video recordings of students solving problems, followed by interviews, focus groups, and surveys. The problem-solving…

Example-based learning is a well-known instructional method for effective cognitive skill acquisition in complex domains. "(Contrasting) erroneous examples" are a promising extension that embed errors in instructional material, potentially fostering not only positive but negative knowledge. However, the mechanisms and conditions for…

This grounded theory study identified and described eight leadership phases of the school consolidation process from the perspective of receiving school principals. The study was conducted during the 2023-2024 academic year in a large suburban district that was undergoing wide-ranging consolidation of elementary schools due to declining…