Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 1 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 1 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 1 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 2 |
Descriptor
| Comparative Testing | 2 |
| Test Use | 2 |
| Academic Achievement | 1 |
| Academic Standards | 1 |
| Achievement Rating | 1 |
| Age Differences | 1 |
| Causal Models | 1 |
| Comparative Analysis | 1 |
| Data Analysis | 1 |
| Demography | 1 |
| Earth Science | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 1 |
| Numerical/Quantitative Data | 1 |
| Reports - Descriptive | 1 |
| Reports - Research | 1 |
Education Level
| Elementary Education | 1 |
| Elementary Secondary Education | 1 |
| Higher Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
| Tennessee | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
| Elementary and Secondary… | 1 |
Assessments and Surveys
| Praxis Series | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkAndrew P. Jaciw – American Journal of Evaluation, 2025
By design, randomized experiments (XPs) rule out bias from confounded selection of participants into conditions. Quasi-experiments (QEs) are often considered second-best because they do not share this benefit. However, when results from XPs are used to generalize causal impacts, the benefit from unconfounded selection into conditions may be offset…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Elementary School Teachers, Generalization, Test Bias
Download full textGitomer, Drew H.; Qi, Yi – Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development, US Department of Education, 2010
This study concerns the "highly qualified teacher" provisions of the "Elementary and Secondary Education Act" ("ESEA," 2002), as reauthorized, and other policies at the federal, state and local levels, which have aimed to elevate the content knowledge of teachers. This examination of "Praxis II" score trends…
Descriptors: Test Use, Elementary Secondary Education, Academic Achievement, Mathematics Tests
