Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 0 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 0 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 1 |
Descriptor
| Accountability | 1 |
| Community Support | 1 |
| Criticism | 1 |
| Educational Administration | 1 |
| Educational Policy | 1 |
| Educational Trends | 1 |
| Futures (of Society) | 1 |
| Hypothesis Testing | 1 |
| Political Influences | 1 |
| Public Officials | 1 |
| Race | 1 |
| More ▼ | |
Source
| Education and Urban Society | 1 |
Author
| Shen, Francis X. | 1 |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 1 |
| Reports - Evaluative | 1 |
Education Level
| Elementary Secondary Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
| Massachusetts | 1 |
| Ohio | 1 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkShen, Francis X. – Education and Urban Society, 2012
This article challenges the view that citywide referenda alone are an effective means of ensuring accountability for mayoral control. Through new empirical analysis of the referenda results in Boston and Cleveland, the article shows that rather than establish genuine democratic legitimacy, the referenda in fact mask strong class-based, and in…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Community Support, Urban Education, Public Officials
