Previous research has investigated the nature of imagination as a construct related to multiple forms of higher-order cognition. Despite the emergence of various conceptualizations of imagination, few attempts have been made to explore the structure of imagination as a trait in the context of existing hierarchically-nested personality dimensions.…

Perfectionism research has progressively supported an identification of two related dimensions, referred to as perfectionistic strivings (PS) and perfectionistic concerns (PC). Examinations of learner experiences based on these two dimensions have routinely demonstrated differential influence on academic emotions and performances, examining the…

In the current article, we describe the development and validation of the Social Comparison Rumination Scale. This measured was developed as a supplement to existing social comparison measures and to enable us to determine its potential relevance to perfectionism and other personality constructs. The Social Comparison Rumination Scale (SCRS) is a…

Epistemic curiosity--the intrinsic drive to acquire knowledge--plays a critical role in learning and cognitive engagement. Recent neuroscientific studies demonstrate that curiosity is not only a motivational state but also a biologically grounded process involving networks for memory, reward, and cognitive control. This review synthesizes evidence…

Integrating creativity into science classes may pave the way to tapping complex scientific phenomena. Although not yet conclusively defined nor assessed using standardized measures, creativity is understood to support cognitive learning in formal and informal settings. However, the successful integration of creativity in educational modules…

This article presents the PTSI (Person x Task x Situation Interaction) theory of creativity. The theory deals with the creative person, the deployment of creativity in tasks, the ecological context in which this deployment takes place, and the types of creative products that result. The theory draws upon a wide range of previous work. The article…

Prior research suggests a link between curiosity and metacognition, but how curiosity is involved in two key metacognitive processes -- metacognitive monitoring (i.e., assessing one's cognitive states and performance) and metacognitive control (i.e., adjusting decisions and behaviors) -- remains unclear. In three experiments (N = 264) participants…

Personal intelligence concerns the ability to understand personality in oneself and others--including the understanding of motives, socioemotional traits, and abilities. We examined if people's scores on the ability-based "Test of Personal Intelligence (TOPI)" would be reflected in their narratives about someone whose personality they…

Actively open-minded thinking (AOT) is a crucial aspect in the education of adolescents; however, it has been insufficiently researched in the Spanish context. The purpose of this study is to analyse AOT and its relationship to critical thinking skills and personality. The participants in this research comprise 877 Spanish secondary school…

Acquiescence is the tendency of participants to shift their responses to agreement. Lechner et al. (2019) introduced the following mechanisms of acquiescence: social deference and cognitive processing. We added their interaction into a theoretical framework. The sample consists of 557 participants. We found significant medium strong relationship…

Recent research has leveraged peer assessment as a grading system tool where learners are involved in learning and evaluation. However, there is limited knowledge regarding individual differences, such as personality, in peer assessment tasks. We analyze how personality factors affect the peer assessment dynamics of a semester-long remote learning…

How and why science education scholars and practitioners might use artificial intelligence (AI) in the classroom has been a controversial agenda for decades. ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art (SOTA) AI released in November 2022, has attracted global interest for its exceptionally high performance in generating human-like natural language answers to…

Purpose: As different countries are witnessing a surge in online course enrollments, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of different stressors and strains on the continuity of online classes for understanding learner behavior. While extroverts are more talkative, sociable and open than introverts, it is necessary to understand the…

Background: Low socioeconomic status is associated with lower cognitive performance and long-term disparities in achievement and success. However, not all children from low-income backgrounds exhibit lower cognitive performance. Characterizing the factors that promote such resilience in youth from low-income households is of crucial importance.…

One of the most important processes in which professors can engage is to explore different techniques to improve the learning environment. Zull (2002, 2011) has stated that people adopt new learning by "idea testing." Was the test beneficial? The authors, who were interested in testing ideas to improve the teaching and learning process,…