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Direct linkSiemens, Waldemar; Meerpohl, Joerg J.; Rohe, Miriam S.; Buroh, Sabine; Schwarzer, Guido; Becker, Gerhild – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Using the Hartung-Knapp method and 95% prediction intervals (PIs) in random-effects meta-analyses is recommended by experts but rarely applied. Therefore, we aimed to reevaluate statistically significant meta-analyses using the Hartung-Knapp method and 95% PIs. In this methodological study, three databases were searched from January 2010 to July…
Descriptors: Cancer, Meta Analysis, Medical Research, Patients
Daly, Caitlin H.; Maconachie, Ross; Ades, A. E.; Welton, Nicky J. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2022
Randomised controlled trials of cancer treatments typically report progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes. Existing methods to synthesise evidence on PFS and OS either rely on the proportional hazards assumption or make parametric assumptions which may not capture the diverse survival curve shapes across studies and…
Descriptors: Nonparametric Statistics, Randomized Controlled Trials, Evidence, Networks
Download full textXinxin Sun – Grantee Submission, 2023
Noncompliance to treatment assignment is widespread in randomized trials and presents challenges in causal inference. In the presence of noncompliance, the most commonly estimated effect of treatment assignment, also known as the intent-to-treat (ITT) effect, is biased. Of interest in this setting is the complier average causal effect (CACE), the…
Descriptors: Compliance (Psychology), Randomized Controlled Trials, Maximum Likelihood Statistics, Computation
Cope, Shannon; Chan, Keith; Jansen, Jeroen P. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2020
Background: Network meta-analysis (NMA) of survival data with a multidimensional treatment effect has been introduced as an alternative to NMA based on the proportional hazards assumption. However, these flexible models have some limitations, such as the use of an approximate likelihood based on discrete hazards, rather than a likelihood for…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Meta Analysis, Network Analysis, Models
Freeman, Suzanne C.; Carpenter, James R. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
Network meta-analysis (NMA) combines direct and indirect evidence from trials to calculate and rank treatment estimates. While modelling approaches for continuous and binary outcomes are relatively well developed, less work has been done with time-to-event outcomes. Such outcomes are usually analysed using Cox proportional hazard (PH) models.…
Descriptors: Bayesian Statistics, Network Analysis, Meta Analysis, Data
Harrison, Sean; Jones, Hayley E.; Martin, Richard M.; Lewis, Sarah J.; Higgins, Julian P. T. – Research Synthesis Methods, 2017
Meta-analyses combine the results of multiple studies of a common question. Approaches based on effect size estimates from each study are generally regarded as the most informative. However, these methods can only be used if comparable effect sizes can be computed from each study, and this may not be the case due to variation in how the studies…
Descriptors: Meta Analysis, Sample Size, Effect Size, Comparative Analysis
Sanders, Mechelle; Fiscella, Kevin; Veazie, Peter; Dolan, James G.; Jerant, Anthony – Health Education Research, 2016
The main aim is to examine whether patients' viewing time on information about colorectal cancer (CRC) screening before a primary care physician (PCP) visit is associated with discussion of screening options during the visit. We analyzed data from a multi-center randomized controlled trial of a tailored interactive multimedia computer program…
Descriptors: Patients, Cancer, Screening Tests, Primary Health Care
Mohammed, Salwa A. – Journal of Education and Practice, 2016
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most important types of cancer among women worldwide and is a significant stressor in women's life that may affect functional health status. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of selected exercises program on pain, shoulder disability, and functional outcomes in women after breast cancer…
Descriptors: Exercise, Intervention, Pain, Human Body
Zehbe, Ingeborg; Wood, Brianne; Wakewich, Pamela; Maar, Marion; Escott, Nicholas; Jumah, Naana; Little, Julian – Health Education Journal, 2016
Objective: To explore educational strategies for engaging First Nations women in Canada to attend cervical cancer screening. Design: Within a participatory action research framework, semi-structured interviews with health-care providers in First Nations communities revealed that education about the value of screening is perceived as being a key…
Descriptors: Cancer, American Indians, Females, Screening Tests
Rogers, Charles R.; Robinson, Cendrine D.; Arroyo, Cassandra; Obidike, Ogechi Jessica; Sewali, Barrett; Okuyemi, Kolawole S. – Health Education & Behavior, 2017
The homeless represent an extremely disadvantaged population that fare worse than minority groups in access to preventive services and health, and minority groups fare worse than Whites. Early detection screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) saves lives, but empirical data about CRC screening practices among homeless Blacks and Whites are limited.…
Descriptors: Homeless People, Cancer, Screening Tests, At Risk Persons
Järkestig Berggren, Ulrika; Hanson, Elizabeth – Child Care in Practice, 2016
Young children and adolescents who have a parent with a serious physical illness require information and support to cope with their everyday lives. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarise and disseminate the research findings of interventions that support children in families with a serious physically ill parent. The review also aimed…
Descriptors: Family Relationship, Intervention, Parents, Coping
Flitcroft, Kathy L.; Gillespie, James A.; Carter, Stacy M.; Trevena, Lyndal J.; Salkeld, Glenn P. – Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice, 2011
Bowel cancer is a serious health problem in developed countries. Australia, the United Kingdom (UK) and New Zealand (NZ) reviewed the same randomised controlled trial evidence on the benefits and harms of population-based bowel cancer screening. Yet only NZ, with the highest age standardised rate of bowel cancer mortality, decided against…
Descriptors: Cancer, Screening Tests, Foreign Countries, Randomized Controlled Trials
