Problem-solving is a key aspect of mathematics instruction. Although it is part of several national curricula, its implementation is still being vastly explored. The present research, which is part of a larger project, aimed to investigate the effect of using problem-oriented instruction in grade 3 of primary school on students' mathematical…

This paper examined the ability of students to pose a problem in a free posing situation about sets in terms of the problem text, compatibility with mathematics principles, the problem type and structure, solvability, and mathematical complexity. Additionally, students were probed to determine the difficulties they encountered during the problem…

Students' difficulties in differentiating the direct proportion and inverse proportion problems cause interference. Proactive interference is the error that occurs when old information (concept of direct proportion) interferes with new information (concept of inverse proportion). In solving the problem of inverse proportion, students often use the…

A very common Applied Optimization Problem in Calculus deals with minimizing a distance given certain constraints, using Calculus, the general method for solving these problems is to find a function formula for the distance that we need to minimize, take the derivative of the distance function, set it equal to zero, and solve for the input value,…

The development of proportional reasoning is crucial for higher-level mathematical skills. Various studies have demonstrated that the numerical structures of problems have an impact on the strategies used to solve direct proportional problems. This research was conducted to determine eighth grade students' strategies for solving inverse…

It is important to work on verbal mathematical problem-solving skills, which is one of the high-level skills with which students have difficulty. Supporting problems with visuals has been suggested by mathematics educators to develop this skill. This study examined the effect of the visualization of mathematical problems on the problem-solving…

The issue of students' difficulties in solving context-based mathematics problems has been extensively investigated by numerous studies. However, limited study focus on how pre-service primary school teacher (PSPSTs) encounter difficulties in solving context-based fundamental mathematics problems. To fill this gap, this study aims to investigate…

The present research focuses on analyzing how fourth-grade elementary school students (ages 9 to 10) solve and interpret the result of non-routine problems, precisely division measurement and division-partition with remainder. The methodology is qualitative, with a descriptive and interpretative approach. The information was collected using a…

Performance assessment through problem-solving or problem-posing provides benefits in learning mathematics. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effects of performance assessment and metacognition on senior high school students' mathematics achievement. A quasi-experimental method was employed to engage 163 students in four…

Mathematics proficiency in the Philippines is a persistent concern, seen by many as a sign of an educational crisis. Teachers are responsible for improving learning outcomes in any discipline, including math. Thus, the study intended to conduct an error analysis of verbal problems among pre-service mathematics teachers. The researcher employed…

Optimization is a vital mathematical concept widely applied in various engineering fields. However, teaching this subject to engineering students often involves abstract materials, making it challenging for them to grasp. To address this issue, a group of five mathematics lecturers collaborated on designing a practical lesson on optimization for…

Several studies related to mathematics understanding found that many undergraduate students lack some basic knowledge of algebra. They memorized only a few topics, formulas, and algorithms without understanding them conceptually, even though they could manipulate those limited number of points correctly or incorrectly. In comparison, most…

The present research focuses on analyzing how fourth-grade elementary school students (ages 9 to 10) solve and interpret the result of non-routine problems, precisely division measurement and division-partition with remainder. The methodology is qualitative, with a descriptive and interpretative approach. The information was collected using a…

This study aims to produce a jumping task in the form of a student worksheet which is valid and practical. Design research in the form of development studies was chosen in this study which consist of preliminary stage and prototyping stage. Data were collected by walk through, test, questionnaire, and interview. Data were analyzed descriptively.…

The aim of this study is to determine the primary school fourth-grade students' understanding of four operation symbols, using them in arithmetic operations and word problems. Phenomenology research design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the research. The participants of the research consist of 123 students, attending the…