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Prospective Adaptation in the Use of External Representations
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Martin, Lee; Schwartz, Daniel L. – Cognition and Instruction, 2009
An important element of adaptive expertise involves stepping away from a routine to retool one's knowledge or environment. The current study investigated two forms of this adaptive pattern: fault-driven adaptations, which are reactions to a difficulty, and prospective adaptations, which are proactive reformulations. Graduate and undergraduate…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Graduate Students, Adjustment (to Environment), Comparative Analysis