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Ouyang, Xiangzi; Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina – Child Development, 2023
Using cognitive diagnostic modeling (CDM), this study identified subtypes of mathematics learning disability (MLD) based on children's numerical skills and examined the language and spatial precursors of these subtypes. Participants were 99 MLD children and 420 low achievers identified from 1839 Finnish children (966 boys) who were followed from…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Education, Cognitive Processes, Classification
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Wilkey, Eric D.; Pollack, Courtney; Price, Gavin R. – Child Development, 2020
Deficits in numerical magnitude perception characterize the mathematics learning disability developmental dyscalculia (DD), but recent studies suggest the relation stems from inhibitory control demands from incongruent visual cues in the nonsymbolic number comparison task. This study investigated the relation among magnitude perception during…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Skills, Executive Function, Mathematics Achievement
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Cao, Fan; Yan, Xiaohui; Yan, Xin; Zhou, Haiyan; Booth, James R. – Child Development, 2021
To examine whether there are common or specific deficits of reading disability (RD) in first (L1) and second languages (L2), Chinese children (9-11 years, N = 76) with or without RD who learn English as an L2 were studied during a visual word rhyming judgment task. Evidence was found for common deficits in L1 and L2 in visuo-orthographic processes…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, English (Second Language)
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Zhang, Xiao; Räsänen, Pekka; Koponen, Tuire; Aunola, Kaisa; Lerkkanen, Marja-Kristiina; Nurmi, Jari-Erik – Child Development, 2020
Mathematical difficulties have been distinguished as mathematics learning disability (MLD) and persistent low achievement (LA). Based on 1,880 Finnish children who were followed from kindergarten (age 6) to fourth grade, this study examined the early risk factors for MLD and LA. Distinct groups of MLD (6.0% of the sample) and LA (25.7%) children…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mathematics Instruction, Mathematics Skills, Learning Disabilities
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Mazzocco, Michele M. M.; Feigenson, Lisa; Halberda, Justin – Child Development, 2011
Many children have significant mathematical learning disabilities (MLD, or dyscalculia) despite adequate schooling. The current study hypothesizes that MLD partly results from a deficiency in the Approximate Number System (ANS) that supports nonverbal numerical representations across species and throughout development. In this study of 71 ninth…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematics Achievement, Academic Achievement, Number Systems
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Beaudet, Arthur L. – Child Development, 2013
Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has emerged as a powerful new tool to identify genomic abnormalities associated with a wide range of developmental disabilities including congenital malformations, cognitive impairment, and behavioral abnormalities. CMA includes array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and single nucleotide polymorphism…
Descriptors: Genetics, Genetic Disorders, Developmental Disabilities, Identification
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Betjemann, Rebecca S.; Keenan, Janice M. – Child Development, 2008
Lexical priming was assessed in children with reading disability (RD) and in age-matched controls (M= 11.5 years), in visual and auditory lexical decision tasks. In the visual task, children with RD were found to have deficits in semantic (SHIP-BOAT), phonological/graphemic (GOAT-BOAT), and combined (FLOAT-BOAT) priming. The same pattern of…
Descriptors: Reading Difficulties, Reading Skills, Semantics, Semiotics
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Geary, David C.; Hoard, Mary K.; Byrd-Craven, Jennifer; Nugent, Lara; Numtee, Chattavee – Child Development, 2007
Using strict and lenient mathematics achievement cutoff scores to define a learning disability, respective groups of children who are math disabled (MLD, n = 15) and low achieving (LA, n = 44) were identified. These groups and a group of typically achieving (TA, n = 46) children were administered a battery of mathematical cognition, working…
Descriptors: Memory, Mathematics Achievement, Learning Disabilities, Disability Identification