Knowledge tracing (KT) models have been a commonly used tool for tracking students' knowledge status. Recent advances in deep knowledge tracing (DKT) have demonstrated increased performance for knowledge tracing tasks in many datasets. However, interpreting students' states on single knowledge components (KCs) from DKT models could be challenging…

Recent research suggests that neural networks, algorithms designed to reflect the human brain's behavior to recognize patterns, can be used to develop data dashboards that provide teachers with more specific and frequent feedback to improve their instruction (Jacobs et al., 2022). This qualitative case study examines six teachers' perceptions of…

Twenty-first century education reform shifted the pursuit of public education from democratic principles to the pursuit of private interests for individual benefit. Reasoning from an applied behavior economic theoretical framework assumes consumers seeking economic benefits from their public schools will seek public schools with more resources.…