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Escobar, Rogelio; Bruner, Carlos A. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
The control exerted by a stimulus associated with an extinction component (S-) on observing responses was determined as a function of its temporal relation with the onset of the reinforcement component (S+). Lever pressing by rats was reinforced on a mixed random-interval extinction schedule. Each press on a second lever produced stimuli…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Reinforcement, Responses, Animals
Weiss, Stanley J.; Kearns, David N.; Antoshina, Maria – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
According to the composite-stimulus control model (Weiss, 1969, 1972b), an individual discriminative stimulus (S[superscript D]) is composed of that S[superscript D]'s on-state plus the off-states of all other relevant S[superscript D]s. The present experiment investigated the reversibility of composite-stimulus control. Separate groups of rats…
Descriptors: Stimulus Generalization, Discrimination Learning, Animals, Behavioral Science Research
Broomfield, Laura; McHugh, Louise; Reed, Phil – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
Stimulus overselectivity occurs when only one of potentially many aspects of the environment controls behavior. Adult participants were trained and tested on a trial-and-error discrimination learning task while engaging in a concurrent load task, and overselectivity emerged. When responding to the overselected stimulus was reduced by reinforcing a…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Discrimination Learning, Environmental Influences, Adults
Lee, Eunjeong; Oliveira-Ferreira, Ana I.; de Water, Ed; Gerritsen, Hans; Bakker, Mattijs C.; Kalwij, Jan A. W.; van Goudoever, Tjerk; Buster, Wietze H.; Pennartz, Cyriel M. A. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2009
To meet an increasing need to examine the neurophysiological underpinnings of behavior in rats, we developed a behavioral system for studying sensory processing, attention and discrimination learning in rats while recording firing patterns of neurons in one or more brain areas of interest. Because neuronal activity is sensitive to variations in…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli, Discrimination Learning
Bonardi, Charlotte – Learning and Motivation, 2007
In Experiment 1, rats were trained on a discrimination in which one occasion setter, A, signaled that one cue (conditioned stimulus, CS), x, would be followed by one outcome, p (unconditioned stimulus, US), and a second CS, y, by a different outcome, q (x [right arrow] p and y [right arrow] q); a second occasion setter, B signalled the reverse…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Experiments, Animals, Animal Behavior
Halberda, Justin; Feigenson, Lisa – Developmental Psychology, 2008
Behavioral, neuropsychological, and brain imaging research points to a dedicated system for processing number that is shared across development and across species. This foundational Approximate Number System (ANS) operates over multiple modalities, forming representations of the number of objects, sounds, or events in a scene. This system is…
Descriptors: Number Systems, Neurology, Child Development, Children
Gomez, Serafin; Lopez, Francisca; Martin, Carmen Banos; Barnes-Holmes, Yvonne; Barnes-Holmes, Dermot – Psychological Record, 2007
The current study consisted of 2 parts, with the same 4 normally developing 4-yr-old children employed across both parts. The primary aim of Part 1 was to replicate previous research on exemplar training and its impact upon the emergence of repertoires of derived symmetry or mutually entailed relations. In this part of the study, the children were…
Descriptors: Young Children, Responses, Child Behavior, Behavior Theories
Gutierrez, Anibal, Jr.; Vollmer, Timothy R.; Dozier, Claudia L.; Borrero, John C.; Rapp, John T.; Bourret, Jason C.; Gadaire, Dana – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2007
Acquisition of verbal behavior is a major goal of interventions for children with developmental disabilities. We evaluated the effectiveness of manipulation of an establishing operation for functional discriminated mands. Four individuals with developmental disabilities participated in a training procedure designed to teach two separate mands for…
Descriptors: Verbal Stimuli, Developmental Disabilities, Motivation, Intervention
McHugh, Louise; Reed, Phil – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2007
Stimulus overselectivity refers to the phenomenon whereby stimulus control over behavior is exerted only by a limited subset of the total number of stimuli present during discrimination learning. It often is displayed by individuals with autistic spectrum disorders or learning disabilities, but is not exclusive to those groups. The present studies…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Autism, Discrimination Learning, Age Differences