This study addressed the cognitive impacts of providing correct and incorrect machine learning (ML) outputs in support of an object detection task. The study consisted of five experiments that manipulated the accuracy and importance of mock ML outputs. In each of the experiments, participants were given the T and L task with T-shaped targets and…

Recent developments in the use of large-language models have led to substantial improvements in the accuracy of content-based automated scoring of free-text responses. The reported accuracy levels suggest that automated systems could have widespread applicability in assessment. However, before they are used in operational testing, other aspects of…

As technology continues to evolve, the process of English translation has become easier. A technology called widget, which is used in modern research, provides an efficient graphical user interface for the interaction between the user and the application. This paper compares the newly proposed wireless widget system with existing models of English…

This paper explores the efficacy of ChatGPT, a generative artificial intelligence in educational contexts, particularly concerning its potential to assist students in overcoming academic challenges while highlighting its limitations. ChatGPT is suitable for solving general problems. When a student comes across academic challenges, ChatGPT may…

In using large language models (LLMs) for education, such as distractors in multiple-choice questions and learning by teaching, error-containing content is used. Prompt tuning and retraining LLMs are possible ways of having LLMs generate error-containing sentences in the learning content. However, there needs to be more discussion on how to tune…

Regular expression (regex) coding has advantages for text analysis. Humans are often able to quickly construct intelligible coding rules with high precision. That is, researchers can identify words and word patterns that correctly classify examples of a particular concept. And, it is often easy to identify false positives and improve the regex…

The aim of the research is to investigate the academic achievement of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence based chatbot, in a national mathematics exam. For this purpose, 3.5 and 4 versions of ChatGPT were asked mathematics questions in a national exam. The method of the research is a case study. In the research, 3.5 and 4 versions of ChatGPT were…

We present a case study of a conversation between ourselves and an artificial intelligence-based chatbot ChatGPT. We asked the chatbot to respond to a basic physics question that will be familiar to most physics teachers: 'A teddy bear is thrown into the air. What is its acceleration in the highest point?' The chatbot's responses, while…

Cognitive load occurs when the demands of a task surpass the available processing capacity, straining mental resources and potentially impairing performance efficiency, such as increasing the number of errors in a task. Owing to its ubiquity in real-world scenarios, the existence of offloading strategies to reduce cognitive load is not new to…

Experience, whether personal or vicarious, plays an influential role in shaping human knowledge. Through these experiences, one develops an understanding of the world, which leads to learning. The process of gaining knowledge in higher education transcends beyond the passive transmission of knowledge from an expert to a novice. Instead, students…

Ramscar, Yarlett, Dye, Denny, and Thorpe (2010) showed how, consistent with the predictions of error-driven learning models, the order in which stimuli are presented in training can affect category learning. Specifically, learners exposed to artificial language input where objects preceded their labels learned the discriminating features of…

This study investigates the performance of GPT-4, an advanced AI model developed by OpenAI, on the force concept inventory (FCI) to evaluate its accuracy, reasoning patterns, and the occurrence of false positives and false negatives. GPT-4 was tasked with answering the FCI questions across multiple sessions. Key findings include GPT-4's…

The nature of education has been transformed by technological advances and online learning platforms, providing educational institutions with more options than ever to thrive in a complex and competitive environment. However, they still face challenges such as academic underachievement, graduation delays, and student dropouts. Fortunately, by…

This paper looks at Google's NotebookLM, an AI-powered research assistant tool that can represent dense academic content in a range of output modes, like FAQs, timelines, study guides, and, most uniquely, as "Deep Dive" discussions. The discussions mimic a talk-show, where two AI-hosts unpack complex ideas from reading or audio texts,…

This article presents a 3-D medical simulation that employs reinforcement learning (RL) and interactive RL (IRL) to teach and assess the procedure of donning and doffing personal protective equipment (PPE). The simulation is motivated by the need for effective, safe, and remote training techniques in medicine, particularly in light of the COVID-19…