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Direct linkBijani, Houman – Cogent Education, 2019
An Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) may be evaluated either during the interview procedure (direct-method) or from a tape-made oral interaction (semi-direct method). Such variety in methods of assessment can influence test takers' scores extensively. However, it is not conclusive whether such differences are due to test format or something else.…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Oral Language, Language Proficiency, Language Tests
Al-Namlah, Abdulrahman S.; Fernyhough, Charles; Meins, Elizabeth – Developmental Psychology, 2006
Cross-national stability in private speech (PS) and short-term memory was investigated in Saudi Arabian (n=63) and British (n=58) 4- to 8-year-olds. Assumed differences in child-adult interaction between the 2 nationality groups led to predictions of Gender ? Nationality interactions in the development of verbal mediation. British boys used more…
Descriptors: Sociocultural Patterns, Gender Differences, Cognitive Processes, Foreign Countries
