Background: The purported reciprocity between motivation and academic achievement in education has largely been supported by correlational data. Aims: Our first aim was to determine experimentally whether motivation and achievement are reciprocally related. The second objective was to investigate a potential behavioural mediation pathway between…

This study explored factors affecting variability in second language (L2) learning motivation among Korean university students and how they appraised their L2 learning experience. In this study, 85 undergraduate students majoring in English or English education from three universities in Seoul, South Korea, reflected on their past English learning…

The research study explored online language learners' self-directed language learning (SDLL) experiences, benefits, motivations, and challenges when employing educational tools like Duolingo in an out of classroom context. To gain insights into SDLL, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 10 Duolingo users were conducted. Study results…

Informed by a mixed methods research design, the study investigates the interrelations between students' attitudes toward English learning, English-medium instruction (EMI), and the use of their first language (i.e. code-switching) in relation to a range of biographic and contextual factors in their situated EMI programmes. The quantitative…

With technological advancement, multimodality has received paramount importance in teaching and learning. Different technology-based assistance is available nowadays, and computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is one of them. It uses computer-based tools, materials, resources, and information to assist second language learning. Motivation…

Background/purpose: This study conducts a systematic review of research articles related to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' motivation under Organismic Integration Theory (OIT) in the early 2020s (between 2020 and 2024), based on PRISMA statement 2020 (Page et al., 2021), to find out about what recent trends in research on EFL…

This study explores the relationship between technology-based collaborative learning and learners' social regulation, academic emotions, and academic presentation. The researchers invited 695 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students of different ages and learning backgrounds to participate in the research by questionnaire. The validated…

Self-determination theory is one of the most established motivational theories both within second language learning and beyond. This theory has generated several mini-theories, namely: organismic integration theory, cognitive evaluation theory, basic psychological needs theory, goal contents theory, causality orientations theory, and relationships…

The practice of intercultural teaching seems to be commonly applied but not in aviation English class. This might be difficult in conceptualizing intercultural competence instructional model (ICCIM) due to the mandatory adaptation to aviation English materials. This autobiographical study aimed to describe how the researcher conducted…

In recent years, the integration of digital technologies into language learning has gained significant attention, particularly in the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. However, there remains a gap in understanding the broader affective and cognitive benefits of serious game-based learning (SGBL) in this field. The present…

Using a structural equation modeling approach, this study investigates the structural relationships between second language (L2) oral proficiency and interest in learning the target language (L2 interest), in the presence of potential mediating variables (i.e. perceived importance of speaking, out-of-class contact with L2 resources). It also…

Motivation plays a pivotal role in students' academic success and overall performance in the learning process. However, the abrupt shift from face-to-face instruction to online learning, due to the Covid-19 pandemic, affected EFL students' motivation. To address this issue, this study aimed to explore the factors that affected students' motivation…

This book traces the motivational dynamics embedded within lifelong foreign language learning trajectories, examining the factors which generate and sustain motivation throughout a learner's life. Embracing a complexity approach, it views motivation as a long-term individual process that evolves along a narrative continuum, developing over the…

Learners' achievements, motivation, and emotional states are closely linked to the roles and effectiveness of their teachers, while several challenges in foreign language classrooms hinder teacher efficacy. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to offer substantial solutions by addressing individual student needs, expectations, and…

This qualitative case study examines the language learning trajectory of a South Korean international undergraduate student (Stella) in the United Kingdom. Previous studies have reported a lack of research on the intricate relationships between motivation and investment. To fill this gap, this study examined Stella's shifting levels of motivation…