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Direct linkStacey McCaffrey; Saul Shiffman; Mark A. Sembower; Ryan A. Black – Health Education Research, 2025
Completely switching from cigarette smoking to electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) reduces exposure to toxic substances. Yet, many smokers believe that ENDS are at least as harmful as smoking, making them less likely to switch from cigarettes to ENDS. Effectively communicating reduced-exposure information is critical, but such messages…
Descriptors: Smoking, Health Behavior, Information Dissemination, Health Promotion
