In 1888, the Chinese government sent a small cohort of navy lieutenants to pursue diplomatic and legal studies at the École Libre des Sciences Politiques in Paris, France. This cohort was part of a Chinese initiative to train diplomats in Western diplomacy and international law to enable China to negotiate on a fairer footing in her relations with…

As the ideological pillar of modern Japan's imperial system, the Imperial Rescript on Education was profoundly imprinted on Japan's modern education. But, in fact, multiple alternative proposals for developing modern education were put forth in the mid-Meiji period. One such proposal was the ethics ("rinri") education promoted by the…

A long tradition of both State and religious interest and support characterised provision for education on the island of Ireland from the 1700s. Following the partition of Ireland in the 1920s, the newly created political entities of the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland forged separate and distinct education policy trajectories that largely…

This paper delves into the intricacies of fostering bottom-up educational initiatives aimed at addressing power imbalances in societies marked by intractable conflicts. Focusing on the establishment of a Palestinian-Jewish integrated bilingual education program in Israel, the study examines archival materials and stakeholder interviews to uncover…

This article examines the educational administrative reform in Thailand initiated by His Excellency Mr. Sukavich Rangsitpol during his tenure as Minister of Education and Deputy Prime Minister from 1995 to 1997. Central to this reform--later referred to as "Sukavichinomics"--was the decentralization of educational management,…