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Zirkel, Perry A. – Communique, 2019
A persistent problem in the professional literature in school psychology and related fields, such as special education, is the insufficient treatment of legal issues in terms of not only quantity (e.g., Zaheer & Zirkel, 2014) but also quality (e.g., Zirkel, 2014). The quality dimension is illustrated in the coverage of the Supreme Court's…
Descriptors: Misconceptions, Disabilities, Educational Legislation, Equal Education
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Bon, Susan C.; Zirkel, Perry A. – Journal of Special Education Leadership, 2014
During the past two decades, scholars, educators, and special interest organizations, including advocacy groups, have critically examined and debated the ethical and legal use of aversive interventions with individuals with disabilities. These interventions comprise a broad spectrum of behavior management techniques including but not at all…
Descriptors: Timeout, Behavior Problems, Laws, School Law
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Zirkel, Perry A. – Journal of Special Education Leadership, 2012
Special education leaders need to be aware of long-standing general regulatory requirements under [image omitted]504 for which school districts are often vulnerable. Special education leaders also have to keep current on recent legal developments for "[image omitted]504-only" students, including the effects of the Americans with…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Special Education, Individualized Education Programs, Educational Legislation
Zirkel, Perry A. – Phi Delta Kappan, 1996
Summarizes a case involving a district's alleged violation of a neurologically impaired student's rights under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Rehabilitation Act (Section 504). The Third Circuit Court ruled that IDEA's "stay-put" rule did not excuse the district from developing a timely individualized…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Court Litigation, Elementary Education, Individualized Education Programs
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Zirkel, Perry A. – TEACHING Exceptional Children, 2007
In this article, the author identifies and answers questions related to legal issues of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) in comparison with Section 504 or the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the NCLB. The author's answers to several questions concerning legal issues of IDEA are presented.
Descriptors: Legal Problems, Disabilities, Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation