Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 0 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 0 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 1 |
Descriptor
Author
| Swain, Merrill | 7 |
| Barik, Henri C. | 3 |
| Barkaoui, Khaled | 1 |
| Brooks, Lindsay | 1 |
| Lapkin, Sharon | 1 |
Publication Type
| Reports - Research | 5 |
| Speeches/Meeting Papers | 2 |
| Information Analyses | 1 |
| Journal Articles | 1 |
Education Level
| Higher Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
| Canada | 4 |
| Canada (Ottawa) | 2 |
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
| Test of English as a Foreign… | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Direct linkBarkaoui, Khaled; Brooks, Lindsay; Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Applied Linguistics, 2013
This study investigated the strategic behaviors that test-takers reported using when responding to integrated and independent speaking tasks in an English oral proficiency test [the Speaking Section of the Internet-based Test of English as a Foreign Language[TM] (TOEFL iBT)] and the relationship between test-takers' strategic behaviors and their…
Descriptors: Achievement Tests, English (Second Language), Speech Communication, Second Language Learning
Peer reviewedSwain, Merrill; And Others – Canadian Modern Language Review, 1976
Research is presented in support of the theory that early French immersion of English-speaking children leads to bilingualism. The evidence is limited to children through the end of grade four. Comments and criticisms are made by three guest analysts. (RM)
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Elementary Education, FLES
Barik, Henri C.; Swain, Merrill – 1975
The school performance of pupils in grades 2-4 of the French immersion program in operation in the Ottawa-Carleton public schools is evaluated in comparison with the performance of those in the regular English program. The results indicate that by the end of grade 2, pupils in the immersion program show the same level of cognitive development as…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Elementary Education, English, French
Download full textBarik, Henri C.; Swain, Merrill – 1974
The school performance of pupils in grades 1-3 of the French immersion program in operation in Ottawa public schools is evaluated in comparison with that of pupils in the regular English program. The results indicate that by the end of grade 1 immersion program pupils taught reading in French are found to lag behind their peers in the regular…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, English, French, Immersion Programs
Swain, Merrill – 1974
The basic language issues in Canada are two-fold: (1) French-Canadians are making serious attempts to maintain their native language and culture, and a move towards French unilingualism is apparent; (2) English-Canadians are showing increasing interest in becoming bilingual, mainly because they are not threatened by native language loss or by…
Descriptors: Acculturation, Bilingual Education, Bilingualism, Educational Policy
Barik, Henri C.; Swain, Merrill – 1978
This paper presents the findings of the last completed evaluation of a partial immersion program in St. Thomas, Ontario, which involves the use of French as the medium of instruction for half the school day and English for the other half, beginning in Grade One. Unlike the previous evaluation, in the current one a Canadian-normed instrument was…
Descriptors: Basic Skills, Bilingual Education, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Education
Swain, Merrill; And Others – 1989
Several research and evaluation studies completed in bilingual education programs for language minority children in Canada are presented to support the claim that heritage, or first, language (HL) literacy plays an important role in the acquisition of a third language. A study completed by the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education Programs, Case Studies, Comparative Analysis, English (Second Language)
