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Lapkin, Sharon; Swain, Merrill – Foreign Language Annals, 2004
One of the advantages of having students work in pairs on language-related tasks is that teachers and researchers can listen to what the students say as they carry out their assigned tasks. What they say offers insights into the students' beliefs about the target language they are learning and using, and reflects the cognitive processes they use…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Cognitive Processes, Immersion Programs, French
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Swain, Merrill; Brooks, Lindsay; Tocalli-Beller, Agustina – Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 2002
Considers recent research in which peer dialogue has been examined with the purpose of understanding its impact on second language learning. Reviews research from the perspective of a sociocultural theory of mind that claims cognition and knowledge are dialogically constructed. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Communication, Cognitive Processes, Dialogs (Language), Interaction
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Lapkin, Sharon; Swain, Merrill; Smith, Monika – Modern Language Journal, 2002
Examines a subset of collaborative dialogues that occurred in a a multistage task where Canadian Grade 7 French immersion students worked together in pairs. Each pair wrote a story, noticed differences between their text and a reformulator's revision, and reflected on their noticing. Traces development of the target language (French), with…
Descriptors: Cooperation, Dialogs (Language), Foreign Countries, French
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Swain, Merrill – Language Testing, 2001
Examines one aspect of the many interfaces between second language (L2) learning and L2 testing. The aspect is the oral interaction--the dialogue--that occurs within small groups. Discusses from within a sociocultural theory of mind, that in a group, performance is jointly constructed and distributed across the participants. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Dialogs (Language), Inferences, Interaction, Language Tests
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – International Journal of Educational Research, 2002
This article documents the importance of collaborative dialogue as part of the process of second language learning. The stimulus for the dialogue we discuss in this article was a reformulation of a story written collaboratively in French by Nina and Dara, two adolescent French immersion students. A sociocultural theoretical perspective informs the…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Test Construction, French, Immersion Programs
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Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1998
Provides support for a theoretical orientation toward viewing dialog as both a means of communication and a cognitive tool. Data to support this position come from an analysis of language-related episodes isolated in the dialog of two grade 8 French immersion students as they carry out a jigsaw task. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Research, Cognitive Processes, Cooperative Learning, Dialogs (Language)