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Lapkin, Sharon; Swain, Merrill; Smith, Monika – Modern Language Journal, 2002
Examines a subset of collaborative dialogues that occurred in a a multistage task where Canadian Grade 7 French immersion students worked together in pairs. Each pair wrote a story, noticed differences between their text and a reformulator's revision, and reflected on their noticing. Traces development of the target language (French), with…
Descriptors: Cooperation, Dialogs (Language), Foreign Countries, French
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1998
Provides support for a theoretical orientation toward viewing dialog as both a means of communication and a cognitive tool. Data to support this position come from an analysis of language-related episodes isolated in the dialog of two grade 8 French immersion students as they carry out a jigsaw task. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Classroom Research, Cognitive Processes, Cooperative Learning, Dialogs (Language)
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Tarone, Elaine; Swain, Merrill – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This paper cites observational and interview evidence indicating that language immersion students in the United States and Canada increasingly avoid using their second language in peer interactions as they move into higher primary grade levels. Implications for immersion programs and teachers are discussed. (32 references) (MDM)
Descriptors: Elementary Education, FLES, Immersion Programs, Interviews
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Swain, Merrill; Lapkin, Sharon – Modern Language Journal, 1989
A review of the research on Canadian immersion programs supports two notions regarding second language learning: (1) older learners may have as much learning success as younger learners, and in a shorter time period; and (2) integration of content teaching and language teaching is paramount in effective second language instruction. (29 references)…
Descriptors: Adult Learning, Adult Students, Age Differences, Comparative Analysis