The paper summarizes two studies on Team Assisted Instruction (TAI), combining cooperative learning and individualized instruction to accommodate the social and academic needs of mainstreamed academically handicapped students and their nonhandicapped classmates. TAI improved social and academic behavior, and in one study, increased mathematics…

The study examined effects on 117 mainstreamed academically handicapped students (grades 3-5) of an instructional method, Team Assisted Individualization (TAI), that combined cooperative learning with individualized instruction in mathematics. TAI and individualized instruction both had positive effects on social acceptance, attitudes toward math,…

Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) in mathematics and Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) are among the best researched and most effective of all cooperative learning methods. TAI was developed to apply cooperative learning techniques to solve individualized instruction problems. Relevant research on both methods is discussed.…

This study evaluated the achievement effects of the Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) mathematics program over a 24-week period. Involved were 1,317 students in grades 3, 4, and 5, with 700 students in 31 classes receiving TAI instruction and a control group of 617 students in 30 classes receiving other mathematics instruction on the same…

The study, involving 119 academically handicapped third, fourth, and fifth graders, examined the effects of an instructional method (Team-Assisted Individualization) that combines cooperative learning with individualized learning in mathematics. Previous studies have found that the use of cooperative learning instructional processes can improve…

Describes two studies investigating the effects of Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI), a combination of cooperative learning and individually programed instruction, on third-, fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-grade students' achievement, attitudes, and behaviors. Results indicated that the TAI approach had positive effects on mathematics achievement,…

The Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) mathematics program has been developed in an attempt to make individualized instruction workable in the classroom by adding components of cooperative learning. This paper presents the rationale for the development of TAI and describes results of three field experiments conducted to assess the effect of TAI…

This paper examines research on classroom programs for elementary school students who are at risk for learning problems. The full range of alternative classroom organization models designed to meet the needs of low-achieving or heterogeneous classes is explored in an attempt to discover which type of program is most effective and why. The goal of…

This paper describes comprehensive cooperative learning approaches for elementary-school reading, writing, and mathematics. Team-Assisted Individualization (TAI) and Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) are used to implement principles of cooperative learning throughout schools, among teachers and administrators as well as…

While programmed instruction has not generally been found to increase mathematics achievement, the problems appear to lie more in managerial and motivational difficulties rather than in the theory of individualizing instruction. This study evaluated programmed instruction in mathematics using a system designed to solve these problems by having…

The effects of Teams-Games-Tournament (TGT), an instructional technique involving student teams and learning games, and individualized instruction were compared in 39 students (in grades 7-9) experiencing problems with human relationships and academic tasks. Results confirmed hypotheses that TGT would exceed individualized instruction on social…

Achievement and attitudinal effects of three mathematics instruction methods directed in varying degrees toward accommodating diversity in student performance levels were compared in two randomized field experiments with third- through sixth-grade classes. Treatments included Team Assisted Individualization, Ability Group Active Teaching, the…

This paper reviews research on effective pull-out programs for elementary students who are at risk for school failure. The emphasis is on programs that can be readily replicated by schools other than those that developed them. The focus is on programs provided to students who have been identified as in need of remedial services which are…

This research evaluated mathematics achievement and attitudinal effects of three instructional methods directed in varying degrees toward accommodating diversity in students' prior achievement. Two randomized field experiments of 16 and 18 weeks' duration, respectively, compared an individualized model, Team Assisted Individualization (TAI); an…

Team Assisted Individualization (TAI), a mathematics program combining individualized instruction, cooperative learning teams, and direct instruction, was compared to control methods in a 24-week experiment in 59 third- through fifth-grade classrooms. Significantly positive effects were found for both disabled and nondisabled students. (Author/BS)