This study combines collaborative learning and inquiry-based learning, analyzes the characteristics of fourth-grade mathematics textbook, and designs an instructional model based on collaborative learning and inquiry-based learning. Based on this instructional model, this study adopts a quasi-experimental design, involving 142 fourth-grade students from a public primary school in Chengdu, China, using pre-tests and post-tests to measure the effectiveness of the instructional model. The main research results indicate that students who receive instructional approach based on collaborative learning and inquiry-based learning show significant improvement in analytical thinking and reasoning skills compared to students receiving traditional teaching approach. The main contribution of this study lies in demonstrating that instructional approach based on collaborative learning and inquiry-based learning can effectively enhance the mathematical analytical thinking and reasoning skills of fourth-grade students, providing a replicable framework for educational practice.