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Download full textMacIntyre, Peter D.; Wang, Lanxi; Khajavy, Gholam Hassan – Eurasian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2020
How does a person decide whether she or he is willing to communicate? Dual-process theories have been influential in the literature on the psychology of making judgments and decisions. Dual-process theories make a distinction between cognitive processes that are fast, automatic, and unconscious (also called 'experiential' thinking) and those that…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Native Language, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Peer reviewedMacIntyre, Peter D.; Gardner, R. C. – Language Learning, 1991
Factor analysis of 23 scales assessing language and other forms of anxiety identified three separate factors of social evaluation, state, and language anxiety and found some correlations between scores based on those factors and measures of memory and vocabulary production in both native and second language. (46 references) (Author/CB)
Descriptors: Anxiety, College Students, Communication Apprehension, Factor Analysis
