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Hackenberg, Timothy D.1
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Bullock, Christopher E.; Hackenberg, Timothy D. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2006
Four pigeons were exposed to second-order schedules of token reinforcement, with stimulus lights serving as token reinforcers. Tokens were earned according to a fixed-ratio (token-production) schedule, with the opportunity to exchange tokens for food (exchange period) occurring after a fixed number had been produced (exchange-production ratio).…
Descriptors: Token Economy, Reinforcement, Animals, Animal Behavior