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Peer reviewedGass, Susan – Language Learning, 1979
A model of language transfer is proposed. It examines the nature of language transfer, identifies which language phenomena are transferred, and predicts conditions for language transfer occurrence. The model includes notions of language universals, language distance, and surface language phenomena. (PMJ)
Descriptors: Grammar, Interlanguage, Language Research, Language Universals
Peer reviewedGass, Susan; Ard, Josh – TESOL Quarterly, 1980
Examines the relationship between language universals and language acquisition, comparing data from studies on first and second language acquisition and universals of relative clause formation. It is concluded that second language acquisition data provide a clearer window for the investigation and verification of language universals than first…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Data Analysis, Language Acquisition, Language Research
