Publication Date
| In 2026 | 0 |
| Since 2025 | 0 |
| Since 2022 (last 5 years) | 0 |
| Since 2017 (last 10 years) | 0 |
| Since 2007 (last 20 years) | 2 |
Descriptor
Author
| Crossley, Scott A. | 2 |
| Kyle, Kristopher | 1 |
| McNamara, Danielle S. | 1 |
Publication Type
| Journal Articles | 2 |
| Reports - Research | 2 |
Education Level
| Higher Education | 1 |
| Postsecondary Education | 1 |
Audience
Location
Laws, Policies, & Programs
Assessments and Surveys
| Test of English as a Foreign… | 1 |
What Works Clearinghouse Rating
Peer reviewed
Direct linkKyle, Kristopher; Crossley, Scott A.; McNamara, Danielle S. – Language Testing, 2016
This study explores the construct validity of speaking tasks included in the TOEFL iBT (e.g., integrated and independent speaking tasks). Specifically, advanced natural language processing (NLP) tools, MANOVA difference statistics, and discriminant function analyses (DFA) are used to assess the degree to which and in what ways responses to these…
Descriptors: Construct Validity, Natural Language Processing, Speech Skills, Speech Acts
Crossley, Scott A. – Language Teaching, 2013
This paper provides an agenda for replication studies focusing on second language (L2) writing and the use of natural language processing (NLP) tools and machine learning algorithms. Specifically, it introduces a range of the available NLP tools and machine learning algorithms and demonstrates how these could be used to replicate seminal studies…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Writing Instruction, Teaching Methods, Natural Language Processing
