This manual attempts to "present the basic information that the teacher-leader must know for an inter-ethnic classroom." It is the author's thesis that "the most urgent of all educational challenges is not curriculum or instruction. It is the challenge of changing sociocultural relations, while simultaneously improving curriculum and instruction." Therefore, those differences in cultural values which affect education are emphasized. Chapters 1-9 present a theory of educational anthropology as it may be applied to cultures found in the United States. Chapters 10-24 present educational anthropology as an applied science, consider ethnic variables (domains of cognition versus affect versus psychomotion, communication, timing, space, social organization, ethnics, and causality), delimit educational problems caused by ethnic differences, discuss cross-cultural adaptation of the elements of education, and examine educational variables (sociological environment, teaching method, curricular subjects, and subject examples). Chapters 25-31 consist of sample applications of educational anthropology to six Southwestern cultures (Mexican-American, Negro, American Indian, Navajo, Pueblo, and Yankee). A summary, a 161-item bibliography, and an index comprise the remaining three chapters. (SG)