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Direct linkHan, ZhaoHong, Ed. – Multilingual Matters, 2019
This volume sheds empirical light on Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST) by providing five sets of analyses of two longitudinal, interactional datasets, involving two dyads exchanging emails over one academic semester. The collective study on CDST is the first of its kind, in that it delves into multiple subsystems of learner language,…
Descriptors: Profiles, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Systems Approach
Spaulding, Robert L. – 1983
An overview is presented of classroom observation instruments which have been created and refined since 1962. The components of teacher-pupil transactions measured by different observation methods are listed, and the complexities and difficulties encountered when using the instruments are discussed. A description is given of the Coping Analysis…
Descriptors: Adjustment (to Environment), Beginning Teachers, Behavior Patterns, Classroom Environment
