Calculus, perhaps more than other areas of mathematics, has a reputation for being steeped with procedures. In fact, through the years, it has been noticed of many students getting caught in the trap of trying to memorize algorithms and rules without developing associated concept knowledge. Specifically, students often struggle with the…

This mixed-methods study used interviews and a questionnaire to investigate the perceptions of 304 teacher education students regarding the learning-related value of handouts accompanying teacher educators' computer-generated slide presentations. The extent to which graduate and undergraduate students differed in their perceptions was also…